Which is an evidence-based approach for further assessment by a school nurse, who notices bruises and scars on a 5-year-old child's body, but the child refuses to disclose how they received them?

The correct answer is A: Follow the established protocol for reporting suspected child abuse or neglect to the appropriate authorities. This is the evidence-based approach because it prioritizes the safety and well-being of the child. By following the established protocol, the school nurse ensures that the child receives the necessary protection and intervention if abuse or neglect is indeed occurring. Reporting to the appropriate authorities also ensures that trained professionals can conduct a thorough investigation to determine the cause of the bruises and scars. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the urgency and seriousness of the situation. Gentle questioning may not be effective if the child is hesitant or scared to disclose, waiting for the child to voluntarily share information may put the child at risk, and discussing with the teacher may not lead to immediate action to protect the child.