Difficulty: Medium
Average Score: 83%
Simulated
Passage / Scenario
A nurse is caring for a term macrosomic newborn whose mother has poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. The newborn has respiratory distress syndrome.The nurse should be aware that the most likely cause of the respiratory distress is which of the following?
Correct answer
D
Rationale
The correct answer is D: Hyperinsulinemia. Respiratory distress can be a symptom of hyperinsulinemia due to its association with conditions like diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state. High insulin levels can lead to respiratory alkalosis, causing rapid, shallow breathing. Increased fat deposits (choice A) primarily affect mobility and not directly respiratory function. Brachial plexus injury (choice B) would not typically cause respiratory distress. Increased blood viscosity (choice C) could lead to cardiovascular issues but not directly impact respiratory function. In summary, hyperinsulinemia is the most likely cause of respiratory distress as it can directly affect breathing patterns.