Difficulty: Medium
Average Score: 79%
Simulated
Passage / Scenario
Child with acute renal failureThe nurse is taking care for the child that has been diagnosed with acute renal failure. Which findings should the nurse expect to see in this child?
Correct answer
B,C,D
Rationale
Correct Answer: B, C, D
Rationale:
1. Water and sodium retention (choice B) is expected in acute renal failure due to impaired kidney function leading to decreased urine output and fluid-electrolyte imbalance.
2. Anemia (choice C) may occur in acute renal failure due to decreased production of erythropoietin by the kidneys, leading to decreased red blood cell production.
3. Hyperkalemia (choice D) is a common complication of acute renal failure as the kidneys are unable to excrete potassium effectively, leading to elevated levels in the blood.
Incorrect Choices:
A: Metabolic alkalosis is less likely in acute renal failure as the kidneys are unable to regulate acid-base balance effectively.
E: Increased urinary output is unlikely in acute renal failure due to decreased kidney function leading to decreased urine production.
Rationale:
1. Water and sodium retention (choice B) is expected in acute renal failure due to impaired kidney function leading to decreased urine output and fluid-electrolyte imbalance.
2. Anemia (choice C) may occur in acute renal failure due to decreased production of erythropoietin by the kidneys, leading to decreased red blood cell production.
3. Hyperkalemia (choice D) is a common complication of acute renal failure as the kidneys are unable to excrete potassium effectively, leading to elevated levels in the blood.
Incorrect Choices:
A: Metabolic alkalosis is less likely in acute renal failure as the kidneys are unable to regulate acid-base balance effectively.
E: Increased urinary output is unlikely in acute renal failure due to decreased kidney function leading to decreased urine production.