The nurse is caring for the postpartum primiparous client who is 13 hours postÔÇövaginal delivery. The nurse observes that the client is passive and hesitant about making decisions about her own and her newbornÔÇÖs care. In response to this observation, which interventions should be implemented by the nurse? Select all that apply.

Many women hesitate to ask for medication, as they believe their pain is expected. Thus, the nurse should ask the client about pain and assure her that there are methods to decrease her pain. During the initial postpartum ÔÇ£taking-inÔÇØ phase, the client may have a great need to talk about her birthing experience and to ask questions for clarification as necessary. By encouraging this verbalization, the nurse helps the client to accept the experience and enables her to move to the next maternal phase. Physical discomfort can be intense initially postpartum and can interfere with rest. Sleep is a major need and should be encouraged. Anxiety and preoccupation with her new role often narrow the clientÔÇÖs perceptions, and information is not as easily assimilated at this time. Therefore, attending education sessions should be delayed if possible until the mother has completed this ÔÇ£taking inÔÇØ phase. The client needs to suspend her involvement in everyday responsibilities during the ÔÇ£takingÔÇöinÔÇØ phase, so writing birth announcements should be delayed until the mother has completed this phase.