Difficulty: Medium
Average Score: 92%
Simulated
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) involves which defects? Select all that apply.
Correct answer
A,D,E,F
Rationale
The correct answer includes right ventricular hypertrophy (A), ventricular septal defect (D), pulmonary stenosis (E), and overriding aorta (F). In Tetralogy of Fallot, these defects are typically present. Right ventricular hypertrophy occurs due to increased workload from pulmonary stenosis. Ventricular septal defect leads to mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Pulmonary stenosis causes obstruction of blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery. Overriding aorta results in the aorta being positioned directly above the VSD. Left ventricular hypertrophy (B) and patent ductus arteriosus (C) are not typically part of TOF.