Difficulty: Medium
Average Score: 90%
Simulated
An adult client who has been diagnosed with emphysema asks the nurse to talk about the symptoms of the disease. Which statement should be included in the nurse's description of emphysema?
Correct answer
A
Rationale
Pursed-lip breathing is a key self-management technique for emphysema. It slows expiration, keeps the airways open longer, prevents alveolar collapse, and reduces the work of breathing, which can decrease the sensation of physical exertion. This is an accurate and practical symptom-related statement for patient education. Oxygen requirements do not decrease (B); the damaged alveoli impair gas exchange, leading to chronic low oxygen levels. A barrel chest (C) is a physical sign caused by the permanent hyperinflation and air trapping in the lungs, not by a voluntary breathing pattern. There is no increased tolerance for oxygen deprivation (D); the body compensates over time, but the ability to carry out daily activities is typically decreased due to dyspnea and fatigue.