A staff nurse is teaching a newly hired nurse about alternatives to the use of restraints on clients who are confused. Which of the following instructions should the staff nurse include?

The correct answer is C: Encourage physical activity throughout the day to expend energy. This is the most appropriate instruction because physical activity can help reduce restlessness and agitation in confused clients, thus decreasing the need for restraints. Removing clocks (A) may not address the underlying causes of confusion. Checking on the client frequently (B) can be helpful but doesn't directly address alternative strategies to restraint. Using full-length side rails (D) can be dangerous and increase the risk of injury.