Difficulty: Medium
Average Score: 81%
Simulated
A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD. The nurse should identify the client is at risk for which of the following acid-base imbalances?
Correct answer
D
Rationale
The correct answer is D, Respiratory acidosis. In COPD, the lungs are unable to effectively expel carbon dioxide, leading to a buildup of CO2 in the blood, causing respiratory acidosis. This results in a lower blood pH due to excess carbonic acid. Metabolic acidosis (A) is caused by an increase in acid production or decrease in bicarbonate levels unrelated to lung function. Respiratory alkalosis (B) is characterized by low CO2 levels, contrary to the scenario of COPD. Metabolic alkalosis (C) is due to an excessive loss of acid or gain of bicarbonate, not related to COPD.