Difficulty: Medium
Average Score: 66%
Simulated
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for hydrochlorothiazide for the initial treatment of hypertension. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as the action of this medication?
Correct answer
B
Rationale
The correct answer is B: Hydrochlorothiazide decreases the reabsorption of sodium and water in the distal renal tubule. Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that acts on the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron to inhibit the sodium-chloride symporter, leading to increased excretion of sodium and water. This results in reduced blood volume and ultimately lowers blood pressure.
Choice A is incorrect because hydrochlorothiazide does not act on angiotensin II receptors. Choice C is incorrect as hydrochlorothiazide does not block beta receptors. Choice D is incorrect as hydrochlorothiazide does not promote movement of fluids into the vascular compartment.
In summary, the action of hydrochlorothiazide on sodium and water reabsorption in the distal renal tubule is crucial for its antihypertensive effect, making choice B the correct answer.
Choice A is incorrect because hydrochlorothiazide does not act on angiotensin II receptors. Choice C is incorrect as hydrochlorothiazide does not block beta receptors. Choice D is incorrect as hydrochlorothiazide does not promote movement of fluids into the vascular compartment.
In summary, the action of hydrochlorothiazide on sodium and water reabsorption in the distal renal tubule is crucial for its antihypertensive effect, making choice B the correct answer.