Difficulty: Medium
Average Score: 81%
Simulated
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who reports a severe headache. The client's blood pressure is 280/160 mm Hg. The nurse should plan to administer which of the following medications?
Correct answer
B
Rationale
Correct Answer: B - Nitroprusside
Rationale: Nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator that works quickly to reduce blood pressure. In this case of severe hypertension, it is crucial to lower the blood pressure rapidly to prevent complications such as stroke or organ damage. Nitroprusside is the drug of choice for hypertensive emergencies due to its rapid onset of action and ability to titrate the dosage.
Summary of Other Choices:
A: Dexamethasone - Used for inflammation and allergic reactions, not suitable for lowering blood pressure.
C: Epinephrine - Used for anaphylaxis and cardiac arrest, not indicated for hypertension.
D: Dobutamine - Used for heart failure and cardiogenic shock, not appropriate for hypertension.
Rationale: Nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator that works quickly to reduce blood pressure. In this case of severe hypertension, it is crucial to lower the blood pressure rapidly to prevent complications such as stroke or organ damage. Nitroprusside is the drug of choice for hypertensive emergencies due to its rapid onset of action and ability to titrate the dosage.
Summary of Other Choices:
A: Dexamethasone - Used for inflammation and allergic reactions, not suitable for lowering blood pressure.
C: Epinephrine - Used for anaphylaxis and cardiac arrest, not indicated for hypertension.
D: Dobutamine - Used for heart failure and cardiogenic shock, not appropriate for hypertension.