Difficulty: Medium
Average Score: 66%
Simulated
Passage / Scenario
16-year-old adolescent collapsed after playing football on a hot day. Lab findings: Sodium 152 mEq/L, Potassium 3.6 mEq/L, Chloride 105 mEq/L, Glucose 102 mg/dL, BUN 18 mg/dL, Creatinine 0.7 mg/dL.A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a 16-year old adolescent who collapsed after playing football on a hot day. After reviewing the admission laboratory findings, the nurse recognizes that these findings are consistent with which of the following conditions?
Correct answer
D
Rationale
The correct answer is D: Dehydration. The laboratory findings in cases of dehydration typically show increased hematocrit, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum sodium levels due to a decrease in overall body fluid volume. This is consistent with the patient collapsing after playing football on a hot day, indicating fluid loss through sweating.
Choice A: Low-protein diet does not typically result in these specific laboratory findings.
Choice B: SIADH would present with dilutional hyponatremia and decreased BUN levels, opposite of the findings in this case.
Choice C: Renal failure would show abnormal kidney function tests, not just dehydration-related findings.
In summary, the correct answer, dehydration, is supported by the specific laboratory findings and the scenario presented, while the other choices do not align with the clinical picture or lab results.
Choice A: Low-protein diet does not typically result in these specific laboratory findings.
Choice B: SIADH would present with dilutional hyponatremia and decreased BUN levels, opposite of the findings in this case.
Choice C: Renal failure would show abnormal kidney function tests, not just dehydration-related findings.
In summary, the correct answer, dehydration, is supported by the specific laboratory findings and the scenario presented, while the other choices do not align with the clinical picture or lab results.