Difficulty: Medium
Average Score: 94%
Simulated
Passage / Scenario
Medical HistoryInitial visit:
Client reports a sedentary lifestyle.
Client is lactose intolerant and denies taking vitamin supplements. Client is a nonsmoker.
Client does not drink alcohol.
Diagnostic Results
Initial visit:
ÔÇó Calcium 8.9 mg/dL (9 to 10.5 mg/dL)
ÔÇó Phosphorus 3.4 mg/dL (3 to 4.5 mg/dL)
ÔÇó Total 25-hydroxy D (vitamin D2+ D3) 24 ng/dL (25 to 80 ng/dL)
6-month follow-up:
ÔÇó Calcium 8.8 mg/dL (9 to 10.5 mg/dL)
ÔÇó Phosphorus 3.2 mg/dL (3 to 4.5 mg/dL)
ÔÇó Total 25-hydroxy D (vitamin D2+D) 15 ng/dL (25 to 80 ng/dL)
Nurses' Notes
Initial visit:
Client instructed to take a calcium and vitamin D supplement and begin an exercise program, such as walking 3 times per week.
6-month follow-up:
Client states they frequently forget to take their calcium and vitamin D supplements and has been unable to exercise due to time constraints.
A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a client. Exhibits:The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following findings places the client at risk for osteoporosis? (Select all that apply.)
Correct answer
C,F
Rationale
The correct answers are C: Vitamin D level and F: Activity level. Low levels of Vitamin D can lead to decreased calcium absorption, which is essential for bone health, increasing the risk of osteoporosis. A sedentary lifestyle or low activity level can also contribute to bone loss and weaken bones, further predisposing the client to osteoporosis.
Incorrect answers:
A: Lactose intolerance does not directly increase the risk of osteoporosis unless it leads to significant calcium deficiency.
B: Smoking is a risk factor for osteoporosis, but it is not listed as an option in this question.
D: Phosphorus levels are not typically used as a direct indicator of osteoporosis risk.
E: While excessive alcohol consumption can negatively impact bone health, it is not listed as a risk factor in this question.
Incorrect answers:
A: Lactose intolerance does not directly increase the risk of osteoporosis unless it leads to significant calcium deficiency.
B: Smoking is a risk factor for osteoporosis, but it is not listed as an option in this question.
D: Phosphorus levels are not typically used as a direct indicator of osteoporosis risk.
E: While excessive alcohol consumption can negatively impact bone health, it is not listed as a risk factor in this question.